Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

Disclaimer
The information about Chickpea is by no means final and it is being continuously corrected/ updated.

Introduction

a) INTRODUCTION
b) COMMON NAMES
c) DISTRIBUTION
d) FLOWER AND PLANT

a) INTRODUCTION

  • Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, is a member of the legume, pea, or pulse family, "Fabaceae". Also called Leguminosae, this family of flowering plants is one of the largest plant families and includes such important plants as beans, peas, peanuts, lupines, alfalfa, clover, and acacia, and many others.

  • Chickpea is considered the third most important pulse in the world, being widely grown in many subtropical and warm-temperate regions.

  • Chickpea is the common name for an annual plant, Cicer arietinum, of the Fabaceae (or Leguminosae) family that is widely cultivated for its typically yellow-brown, pea like seeds.

  • The name also is used for these edible seeds, which form in short pods and are popular in various cuisines.

  • Other common names for this seed are garbanzo bean, Indian pea, ceci bean, bengal gram, chana, kadale kaalu, sanaga pappu, and shimbra.

  • It is the only cultivated crop within the Cicer.
  • This light brown colored pulse is considered to be a good source of protein.

  • Chana is used as an edible seed and is also used for making flour throughout the globe.

  • Having a capacity to stand in drought conditions, this crop does not have the requirement being fed with nitrogen fertilizers.






    • b) COMMON NAMES

    Cieciorka (Pl)
    Chickpea
    Nokhud (Turkm)
    Chick Pea
    Konda-Kadala (Sinh)
    Gram
    But (Hi)
    Chunna (Hi)
    Chana
    Kichererbse (Ge)
    Naut (Ru)
    Pois-chiche (Fr)
    Nukhat (Uzb)
    Katjang Arab
    Nekhut (Mold)
    Garbanzo
    Garbanzo Bean
    Cicer Tete-de-belier (Fr)
    Catjang Arab
    Nakhud (Tadzh)
    Pois Chiche
    Hummus
    Cece (It)
    Bengal Gram
    Goyun Nokhud (Azerb)
    Grao de bica (Po)
    Kahviherne (Fi)
    Nut Zvychainyi (Ukr)
    Nut Kulturnyi (Rus)
    Garvance
    Nut Barani (Rus)
    Dhale
    Nut Pasyaouny (Bel)
    Nut Rogoobraznyi (Rus)
    Sejamasis Avinzirnis (Lit)
    Shubuun Khoshuu (Mong)
    Sier Vochkhari (Arm)
    Tarimal Banduukhai (Mong)
    Turetzki Gorokh (Rus)


    c) DISTRIBUTION

    Afghanistan (native); Albania (introduced); Algeria (introduced); Argentina (introduced); Armenia (introduced); Australia (introduced); Azerbaijan (introduced); Balearic Is (introduced); Belarus (introduced); Bhutan (introduced); Bolivia (introduced); Bulgaria (introduced); Canada (introduced); Caribbean-TRP (introduced); Chile (introduced); China (native); Colombia (introduced); Corsica (uncertain); Costa Rica (introduced); Cyprus (introduced); Dominican Republic (introduced); East Aegean Is(Greek) (uncertain); Egypt (introduced); Estonia (introduced); Ethiopia (introduced); Fiji (introduced); France (introduced); Greece (introduced); Gruzia (introduced); Guatemala (introduced); Haiti (introduced); India (introduced); Indonesia-ISO (introduced); Iran (native); Iraq (native); Israel (native); Italy (introduced); Jawa (native); Jordan (native); Kazakhstan (introduced); Kenya (introduced); Kirgizstan (introduced); Kriti (introduced); Lebanon (native); Libya (introduced); Lithuania (introduced); Madeira (introduced); Mauritius (introduced); Mexico(North & Central) (introduced); Moldova (introduced); Mongolia (introduced); Morocco (introduced); Myanmar (introduced); Nauru (introduced); Nepal (introduced); New Zealand(North) (introduced); New Zealand(South) (introduced); Oman (introduced); Pakistan (uncertain); Papua New Guinea (native); Peru (introduced); Portugal (introduced); Rodrigues (introduced); Romania (introduced); Russia in Asia (introduced); Russia in Europe (introduced); Sardegna (uncertain); Sicilia (uncertain); Somalia (introduced); Spain (introduced); Sri Lanka (introduced); Sudan (introduced); Syria (native); Taiwan (native); Tanzania (introduced); Tunisia (introduced); Turkey in Asia (native); Turkmenistan (introduced); Uganda (introduced); Ukraine (introduced); United States (introduced); Uzbekistan (introduced); Yemen (introduced); Yugoslavia (introduced); Zaire (introduced); Zimbabwe (introduced)


    d) FLOWER AND PLANT

  • As a member of the Faboideae (or Papilionoideae) subfamily, chickpea is characterized by one petal being large and with a crease in it, while the two adjacent petals are on the sides, and the two bottom petals are joined together at the bottom, forming a boat-like structure.

  • Cicer arietinum grows to between 20 and 60 centimeters high and has small, feathery, pinnate leaves on either side of the stem.

  • One seedpod contains one to three round, irregular-shaped, typically buff-colored seeds that are slightly larger than the average pea.

  • The flowers are white or sometimes reddish-blue.



    • References
  • http://www.icrisat.org/chickpea/taxonomy/frachc.htm

  • http://www.catalogueoflife.org/show_species_details.php?record_id=607517

  • http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/crop752?opendocument
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